I have seen this issue from time to time, both beta and live, but in every single instance I have been able to identify the cause as an interrupted internet connection...
For me, this is happening on my live world about one out of 70 times when completing and/ or skipping the recurring quests very fast. It's never been a matter of my internet connections, I do have dev tools opened quite often, the quest data always came in as usual, only the client (HTML5 on latest Chrome) couldn't keep up or so it seems...
It never happened to me here on Beta so far, but I have only one quest slot open for recurring quests - whereas on Live, I have 3 slots and quite often completing one quest fulfills the next one.
PS: Please reconsider the various suggestions for the recurring quests such as a "Repeat Quest" button or even a (dropdown) selection mechanism to chose the next quest. I'm quite sure that this would solve this bug as well as the problem of unnecessary clicking madness.
(I was soldering a micro switch from one mouse into another one of the same brand, because with both of them the left mouse button got dysfunctional during the last two years, and I dare to say that I spend 95% of my clicks on annoying repetitive FoE tasks..)